001    /**
002     * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
003     * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
004     * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
005     * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
006     * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
007     * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
008     *
009     *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
010     *
011     * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
012     * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
013     * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
014     * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
015     * limitations under the License.
016     */
017    package org.apache.camel.util;
018    
019    import java.io.Closeable;
020    import java.io.File;
021    import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
022    import java.io.IOException;
023    import java.io.InputStream;
024    import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
025    import java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedElement;
026    import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
027    import java.lang.reflect.Field;
028    import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
029    import java.lang.reflect.Method;
030    import java.net.URL;
031    import java.nio.channels.ReadableByteChannel;
032    import java.nio.charset.Charset;
033    import java.util.ArrayList;
034    import java.util.Arrays;
035    import java.util.Collection;
036    import java.util.Collections;
037    import java.util.Enumeration;
038    import java.util.Iterator;
039    import java.util.List;
040    import java.util.Locale;
041    import java.util.Map;
042    import java.util.Properties;
043    import java.util.Scanner;
044    
045    import org.w3c.dom.Node;
046    import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
047    
048    import org.apache.camel.CamelContext;
049    import org.apache.camel.CamelExecutionException;
050    import org.apache.camel.Exchange;
051    import org.apache.camel.Message;
052    import org.apache.camel.Ordered;
053    import org.apache.camel.RuntimeCamelException;
054    import org.apache.camel.TypeConverter;
055    import org.apache.camel.WrappedFile;
056    import org.slf4j.Logger;
057    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
058    
059    /**
060     * A number of useful helper methods for working with Objects
061     *
062     * @version 
063     */
064    public final class ObjectHelper {
065        private static final transient Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ObjectHelper.class);
066        private static final String DEFAULT_DELIMITER = ",";
067    
068        /**
069         * Utility classes should not have a public constructor.
070         */
071        private ObjectHelper() {
072        }
073    
074        /**
075         * A helper method for comparing objects for equality in which it uses type coercion to coerce
076         * types between the left and right values. This allows you test for equality for example with
077         * a String and Integer type as Camel will be able to coerce the types.
078         */
079        public static boolean typeCoerceEquals(TypeConverter converter, Object leftValue, Object rightValue) {
080            // sanity check
081            if (leftValue == null && rightValue == null) {
082                // they are equal
083                return true;
084            } else if (leftValue == null || rightValue == null) {
085                // only one of them is null so they are not equal
086                return false;
087            }
088    
089            // try without type coerce
090            boolean answer = equal(leftValue, rightValue);
091            if (answer) {
092                return true;
093            }
094    
095            // are they same type, if so return false as the equals returned false
096            if (leftValue.getClass().isInstance(rightValue)) {
097                return false;
098            }
099    
100            // convert left to right
101            Object value = converter.tryConvertTo(rightValue.getClass(), leftValue);
102            answer = equal(value, rightValue);
103            if (answer) {
104                return true;
105            }
106    
107            // convert right to left
108            value = converter.tryConvertTo(leftValue.getClass(), rightValue);
109            answer = equal(leftValue, value);
110            return answer;
111        }
112    
113        /**
114         * A helper method for comparing objects for inequality in which it uses type coercion to coerce
115         * types between the left and right values.  This allows you test for inequality for example with
116         * a String and Integer type as Camel will be able to coerce the types.
117         */
118        public static boolean typeCoerceNotEquals(TypeConverter converter, Object leftValue, Object rightValue) {
119            return !typeCoerceEquals(converter, leftValue, rightValue);
120        }
121    
122        /**
123         * A helper method for comparing objects ordering in which it uses type coercion to coerce
124         * types between the left and right values.  This allows you test for ordering for example with
125         * a String and Integer type as Camel will be able to coerce the types.
126         */
127        @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "rawtypes"})
128        public static int typeCoerceCompare(TypeConverter converter, Object leftValue, Object rightValue) {
129    
130            // if both values is numeric then compare using numeric
131            Long leftNum = converter.tryConvertTo(Long.class, leftValue);
132            Long rightNum = converter.tryConvertTo(Long.class, rightValue);
133            if (leftNum != null && rightNum != null) {
134                return leftNum.compareTo(rightNum);
135            }
136    
137            // also try with floating point numbers
138            Double leftDouble = converter.tryConvertTo(Double.class, leftValue);
139            Double rightDouble = converter.tryConvertTo(Double.class, rightValue);
140            if (leftDouble != null && rightDouble != null) {
141                return leftDouble.compareTo(rightDouble);
142            }
143    
144            // prefer to NOT coerce to String so use the type which is not String
145            // for example if we are comparing String vs Integer then prefer to coerce to Integer
146            // as all types can be converted to String which does not work well for comparison
147            // as eg "10" < 6 would return true, where as 10 < 6 will return false.
148            // if they are both String then it doesn't matter
149            if (rightValue instanceof String && (!(leftValue instanceof String))) {
150                // if right is String and left is not then flip order (remember to * -1 the result then)
151                return typeCoerceCompare(converter, rightValue, leftValue) * -1;
152            }
153    
154            // prefer to coerce to the right hand side at first
155            if (rightValue instanceof Comparable) {
156                Object value = converter.tryConvertTo(rightValue.getClass(), leftValue);
157                if (value != null) {
158                    return ((Comparable) rightValue).compareTo(value) * -1;
159                }
160            }
161    
162            // then fallback to the left hand side
163            if (leftValue instanceof Comparable) {
164                Object value = converter.tryConvertTo(leftValue.getClass(), rightValue);
165                if (value != null) {
166                    return ((Comparable) leftValue).compareTo(value);
167                }
168            }
169    
170            // use regular compare
171            return compare(leftValue, rightValue);
172        }
173    
174        /**
175         * A helper method for comparing objects for equality while handling nulls
176         */
177        public static boolean equal(Object a, Object b) {
178            if (a == b) {
179                return true;
180            }
181    
182            if (a instanceof byte[] && b instanceof byte[]) {
183                return equalByteArray((byte[])a, (byte[])b);
184            }
185    
186            return a != null && b != null && a.equals(b);
187        }
188    
189        /**
190         * A helper method for comparing byte arrays for equality while handling
191         * nulls
192         */
193        public static boolean equalByteArray(byte[] a, byte[] b) {
194            if (a == b) {
195                return true;
196            }
197    
198            // loop and compare each byte
199            if (a != null && b != null && a.length == b.length) {
200                for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
201                    if (a[i] != b[i]) {
202                        return false;
203                    }
204                }
205                // all bytes are equal
206                return true;
207            }
208    
209            return false;
210        }
211    
212        /**
213         * Returns true if the given object is equal to any of the expected value
214         */
215        public static boolean isEqualToAny(Object object, Object... values) {
216            for (Object value : values) {
217                if (equal(object, value)) {
218                    return true;
219                }
220            }
221            return false;
222        }
223    
224        /**
225         * A helper method for performing an ordered comparison on the objects
226         * handling nulls and objects which do not handle sorting gracefully
227         */
228        public static int compare(Object a, Object b) {
229            return compare(a, b, false);
230        }
231    
232        /**
233         * A helper method for performing an ordered comparison on the objects
234         * handling nulls and objects which do not handle sorting gracefully
235         *
236         * @param a  the first object
237         * @param b  the second object
238         * @param ignoreCase  ignore case for string comparison
239         */
240        @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "rawtypes"})
241        public static int compare(Object a, Object b, boolean ignoreCase) {
242            if (a == b) {
243                return 0;
244            }
245            if (a == null) {
246                return -1;
247            }
248            if (b == null) {
249                return 1;
250            }
251            if (a instanceof Ordered && b instanceof Ordered) {
252                return ((Ordered) a).getOrder() - ((Ordered) b).getOrder();
253            }
254            if (ignoreCase && a instanceof String && b instanceof String) {
255                return ((String) a).compareToIgnoreCase((String) b);
256            }
257            if (a instanceof Comparable) {
258                Comparable comparable = (Comparable)a;
259                return comparable.compareTo(b);
260            }
261            int answer = a.getClass().getName().compareTo(b.getClass().getName());
262            if (answer == 0) {
263                answer = a.hashCode() - b.hashCode();
264            }
265            return answer;
266        }
267    
268        public static Boolean toBoolean(Object value) {
269            if (value instanceof Boolean) {
270                return (Boolean)value;
271            }
272            if (value instanceof String) {
273                return "true".equalsIgnoreCase(value.toString()) ? Boolean.TRUE : Boolean.FALSE;
274            }
275            if (value instanceof Integer) {
276                return (Integer)value > 0 ? Boolean.TRUE : Boolean.FALSE;
277            }
278            return null;
279        }
280    
281        /**
282         * Asserts whether the value is <b>not</b> <tt>null</tt>
283         *
284         * @param value  the value to test
285         * @param name   the key that resolved the value
286         * @throws IllegalArgumentException is thrown if assertion fails
287         */
288        public static void notNull(Object value, String name) {
289            if (value == null) {
290                throw new IllegalArgumentException(name + " must be specified");
291            }
292        }
293    
294        /**
295         * Asserts whether the value is <b>not</b> <tt>null</tt>
296         *
297         * @param value  the value to test
298         * @param on     additional description to indicate where this problem occurred (appended as toString())
299         * @param name   the key that resolved the value
300         * @throws IllegalArgumentException is thrown if assertion fails
301         */
302        public static void notNull(Object value, String name, Object on) {
303            if (on == null) {
304                notNull(value, name);
305            } else if (value == null) {
306                throw new IllegalArgumentException(name + " must be specified on: " + on);
307            }
308        }
309    
310        /**
311         * Asserts whether the string is <b>not</b> empty.
312         *
313         * @param value  the string to test
314         * @param name   the key that resolved the value
315         * @throws IllegalArgumentException is thrown if assertion fails
316         */
317        public static void notEmpty(String value, String name) {
318            if (isEmpty(value)) {
319                throw new IllegalArgumentException(name + " must be specified and not empty");
320            }
321        }
322    
323        /**
324         * Asserts whether the string is <b>not</b> empty.
325         *
326         * @param value  the string to test
327         * @param on     additional description to indicate where this problem occurred (appended as toString())
328         * @param name   the key that resolved the value
329         * @throws IllegalArgumentException is thrown if assertion fails
330         */
331        public static void notEmpty(String value, String name, Object on) {
332            if (on == null) {
333                notNull(value, name);
334            } else if (isEmpty(value)) {
335                throw new IllegalArgumentException(name + " must be specified and not empty on: " + on);
336            }
337        }
338    
339        /**
340         * Tests whether the value is <tt>null</tt> or an empty string.
341         *
342         * @param value  the value, if its a String it will be tested for text length as well
343         * @return true if empty
344         */
345        public static boolean isEmpty(Object value) {
346            return !isNotEmpty(value);
347        }
348    
349        /**
350         * Tests whether the value is <b>not</b> <tt>null</tt> or an empty string.
351         *
352         * @param value  the value, if its a String it will be tested for text length as well
353         * @return true if <b>not</b> empty
354         */
355        public static boolean isNotEmpty(Object value) {
356            if (value == null) {
357                return false;
358            } else if (value instanceof String) {
359                String text = (String) value;
360                return text.trim().length() > 0;
361            } else {
362                return true;
363            }
364        }
365    
366        public static String[] splitOnCharacter(String value, String needle, int count) {
367            String rc[] = new String[count];
368            rc[0] = value;
369            for (int i = 1; i < count; i++) {
370                String v = rc[i - 1];
371                int p = v.indexOf(needle);
372                if (p < 0) {
373                    return rc;
374                }
375                rc[i - 1] = v.substring(0, p);
376                rc[i] = v.substring(p + 1);
377            }
378            return rc;
379        }
380    
381        /**
382         * Removes any starting characters on the given text which match the given
383         * character
384         *
385         * @param text the string
386         * @param ch the initial characters to remove
387         * @return either the original string or the new substring
388         */
389        public static String removeStartingCharacters(String text, char ch) {
390            int idx = 0;
391            while (text.charAt(idx) == ch) {
392                idx++;
393            }
394            if (idx > 0) {
395                return text.substring(idx);
396            }
397            return text;
398        }
399    
400        public static String capitalize(String text) {
401            if (text == null) {
402                return null;
403            }
404            int length = text.length();
405            if (length == 0) {
406                return text;
407            }
408            String answer = text.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase(Locale.ENGLISH);
409            if (length > 1) {
410                answer += text.substring(1, length);
411            }
412            return answer;
413        }
414    
415        public static String after(String text, String after) {
416            if (!text.contains(after)) {
417                return null;
418            }
419            return text.substring(text.indexOf(after) + after.length());
420        }
421    
422        public static String before(String text, String before) {
423            if (!text.contains(before)) {
424                return null;
425            }
426            return text.substring(0, text.indexOf(before));
427        }
428    
429        public static String between(String text, String after, String before) {
430            text = after(text, after);
431            if (text == null) {
432                return null;
433            }
434            return before(text, before);
435        }
436    
437        /**
438         * Returns true if the collection contains the specified value
439         */
440        public static boolean contains(Object collectionOrArray, Object value) {
441            if (collectionOrArray instanceof Collection) {
442                Collection<?> collection = (Collection<?>)collectionOrArray;
443                return collection.contains(value);
444            } else if (collectionOrArray instanceof String && value instanceof String) {
445                String str = (String)collectionOrArray;
446                String subStr = (String)value;
447                return str.contains(subStr);
448            } else {
449                Iterator<Object> iter = createIterator(collectionOrArray);
450                while (iter.hasNext()) {
451                    if (equal(value, iter.next())) {
452                        return true;
453                    }
454                }
455            }
456            return false;
457        }
458    
459        /**
460         * Creates an iterator over the value if the value is a collection, an
461         * Object[], a String with values separated by comma,
462         * or a primitive type array; otherwise to simplify the caller's code,
463         * we just create a singleton collection iterator over a single value
464         * <p/>
465         * Will default use comma for String separating String values.
466         * This method does <b>not</b> allow empty values
467         *
468         * @param value  the value
469         * @return the iterator
470         */
471        public static Iterator<Object> createIterator(Object value) {
472            return createIterator(value, DEFAULT_DELIMITER);
473        }
474    
475        /**
476         * Creates an iterator over the value if the value is a collection, an
477         * Object[], a String with values separated by the given delimiter,
478         * or a primitive type array; otherwise to simplify the caller's
479         * code, we just create a singleton collection iterator over a single value
480         * <p/>
481         * This method does <b>not</b> allow empty values
482         *
483         * @param value      the value
484         * @param delimiter  delimiter for separating String values
485         * @return the iterator
486         */
487        public static Iterator<Object> createIterator(Object value, String delimiter) {
488            return createIterator(value, delimiter, false);
489        }
490    
491        /**
492         * Creates an iterator over the value if the value is a collection, an
493         * Object[], a String with values separated by the given delimiter,
494         * or a primitive type array; otherwise to simplify the caller's
495         * code, we just create a singleton collection iterator over a single value
496         *
497         * @param value             the value
498         * @param delimiter         delimiter for separating String values
499         * @param allowEmptyValues  whether to allow empty values
500         * @return the iterator
501         */
502        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
503        public static Iterator<Object> createIterator(Object value, String delimiter, final boolean allowEmptyValues) {
504    
505            // if its a message than we want to iterate its body
506            if (value instanceof Message) {
507                value = ((Message) value).getBody();
508            }
509    
510            if (value == null) {
511                return Collections.emptyList().iterator();
512            } else if (value instanceof Iterator) {
513                return (Iterator<Object>)value;
514            } else if (value instanceof Iterable) {
515                return ((Iterable<Object>)value).iterator();
516            } else if (value.getClass().isArray()) {
517                // TODO we should handle primitive array types?
518                List<Object> list = Arrays.asList((Object[])value);
519                return list.iterator();
520            } else if (value instanceof NodeList) {
521                // lets iterate through DOM results after performing XPaths
522                final NodeList nodeList = (NodeList) value;
523                return CastUtils.cast(new Iterator<Node>() {
524                    int idx = -1;
525    
526                    public boolean hasNext() {
527                        return (idx + 1) < nodeList.getLength();
528                    }
529    
530                    public Node next() {
531                        idx++;
532                        return nodeList.item(idx);
533                    }
534    
535                    public void remove() {
536                        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
537                    }
538                });
539            } else if (value instanceof String) {
540                final String s = (String) value;
541    
542                // this code is optimized to only use a Scanner if needed, eg there is a delimiter
543    
544                if (delimiter != null && s.contains(delimiter)) {
545                    // use a scanner if it contains the delimiter
546                    Scanner scanner = new Scanner((String)value);
547    
548                    if (DEFAULT_DELIMITER.equals(delimiter)) {
549                        // we use the default delimiter which is a comma, then cater for bean expressions with OGNL
550                        // which may have balanced parentheses pairs as well.
551                        // if the value contains parentheses we need to balance those, to avoid iterating
552                        // in the middle of parentheses pair, so use this regular expression (a bit hard to read)
553                        // the regexp will split by comma, but honor parentheses pair that may include commas
554                        // as well, eg if value = "bean=foo?method=killer(a,b),bean=bar?method=great(a,b)"
555                        // then the regexp will split that into two:
556                        // -> bean=foo?method=killer(a,b)
557                        // -> bean=bar?method=great(a,b)
558                        // http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1516090/splitting-a-title-into-separate-parts
559                        delimiter = ",(?!(?:[^\\(,]|[^\\)],[^\\)])+\\))";
560                    }
561    
562                    scanner.useDelimiter(delimiter);
563                    return CastUtils.cast(scanner);
564                } else {
565                    // use a plain iterator that returns the value as is as there are only a single value
566                    return CastUtils.cast(new Iterator<String>() {
567                        int idx = -1;
568    
569                        public boolean hasNext() {
570                            return idx + 1 == 0 && (allowEmptyValues || ObjectHelper.isNotEmpty(s));
571                        }
572    
573                        public String next() {
574                            idx++;
575                            return s;
576                        }
577    
578                        public void remove() {
579                            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
580                        }
581                    });
582                }
583            } else {
584                return Collections.singletonList(value).iterator();
585            }
586        }
587    
588        /**
589         * Returns the predicate matching boolean on a {@link List} result set where
590         * if the first element is a boolean its value is used otherwise this method
591         * returns true if the collection is not empty
592         *
593         * @return <tt>true</tt> if the first element is a boolean and its value
594         *         is true or if the list is non empty
595         */
596        public static boolean matches(List<?> list) {
597            if (!list.isEmpty()) {
598                Object value = list.get(0);
599                if (value instanceof Boolean) {
600                    return (Boolean)value;
601                } else {
602                    // lets assume non-empty results are true
603                    return true;
604                }
605            }
606            return false;
607        }
608    
609        /**
610         * A helper method to access a system property, catching any security exceptions
611         *
612         * @param name         the name of the system property required
613         * @param defaultValue the default value to use if the property is not
614         *                     available or a security exception prevents access
615         * @return the system property value or the default value if the property is
616         *         not available or security does not allow its access
617         */
618        public static String getSystemProperty(String name, String defaultValue) {
619            try {
620                return System.getProperty(name, defaultValue);
621            } catch (Exception e) {
622                if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
623                    LOG.debug("Caught security exception accessing system property: " + name + ". Will use default value: " + defaultValue, e);
624                }
625                return defaultValue;
626            }
627        }
628    
629        /**
630         * A helper method to access a boolean system property, catching any
631         * security exceptions
632         *
633         * @param name         the name of the system property required
634         * @param defaultValue the default value to use if the property is not
635         *                     available or a security exception prevents access
636         * @return the boolean representation of the system property value or the
637         *         default value if the property is not available or security does
638         *         not allow its access
639         */
640        public static boolean getSystemProperty(String name, Boolean defaultValue) {
641            String result = getSystemProperty(name, defaultValue.toString());
642            return Boolean.parseBoolean(result);
643        }
644       
645        /**
646         * A helper method to access a camel context properties with a prefix
647         *
648         * @param prefix       the prefix
649         * @param camelContext the camel context
650         * @return the properties which holds the camel context properties with the prefix,
651         *         and the key omit the prefix part
652         */
653        public static Properties getCamelPropertiesWithPrefix(String prefix, CamelContext camelContext) {
654            Properties answer = new Properties();
655            Map<String, String> camelProperties = camelContext.getProperties();
656            if (camelProperties != null) {
657                for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : camelProperties.entrySet()) {
658                    String key = entry.getKey();
659                    if (key.startsWith(prefix)) {
660                        answer.put(key.substring(prefix.length()), entry.getValue());
661                    }
662                }
663            }
664            return answer;
665        }
666    
667        /**
668         * Returns the type name of the given type or null if the type variable is
669         * null
670         */
671        public static String name(Class<?> type) {
672            return type != null ? type.getName() : null;
673        }
674    
675        /**
676         * Returns the type name of the given value
677         */
678        public static String className(Object value) {
679            return name(value != null ? value.getClass() : null);
680        }
681    
682        /**
683         * Returns the canonical type name of the given value
684         */
685        public static String classCanonicalName(Object value) {
686            if (value != null) {
687                return value.getClass().getCanonicalName();
688            } else {
689                return null;
690            }
691        }
692    
693        /**
694         * Attempts to load the given class name using the thread context class
695         * loader or the class loader used to load this class
696         *
697         * @param name the name of the class to load
698         * @return the class or <tt>null</tt> if it could not be loaded
699         */
700        public static Class<?> loadClass(String name) {
701            return loadClass(name, ObjectHelper.class.getClassLoader());
702        }
703        
704        /**
705         * Attempts to load the given class name using the thread context class
706         * loader or the given class loader
707         *
708         * @param name the name of the class to load
709         * @param loader the class loader to use after the thread context class loader
710         * @return the class or <tt>null</tt> if it could not be loaded
711         */
712        public static Class<?> loadClass(String name, ClassLoader loader) {
713            return loadClass(name, loader, true);
714        }
715    
716        /**
717         * Attempts to load the given class name using the thread context class
718         * loader or the given class loader
719         *
720         * @param name the name of the class to load
721         * @param loader the class loader to use after the thread context class loader
722         * @param needToWarn when <tt>true</tt> logs a warning when a class with the given name could not be loaded
723         * @return the class or <tt>null</tt> if it could not be loaded
724         */
725        public static Class<?> loadClass(String name, ClassLoader loader, boolean needToWarn) {
726            // must clean the name so its pure java name, eg removing \n or whatever people can do in the Spring XML
727            name = normalizeClassName(name);
728    
729            // Try simple type first
730            Class<?> clazz = loadSimpleType(name);
731            if (clazz == null) {
732                // try context class loader
733                clazz = doLoadClass(name, Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader());
734            }
735            if (clazz == null) {
736                // then the provided loader
737                clazz = doLoadClass(name, loader);
738            }
739            if (clazz == null) {
740                // and fallback to the loader the loaded the ObjectHelper class
741                clazz = doLoadClass(name, ObjectHelper.class.getClassLoader());
742            }
743    
744            if (clazz == null) {
745                if (needToWarn) {
746                    LOG.warn("Cannot find class: " + name);
747                }
748            }
749    
750            return clazz;
751        }
752    
753    
754        /**
755         * Load a simple type
756         *
757         * @param name the name of the class to load
758         * @return the class or <tt>null</tt> if it could not be loaded
759         */
760        public static Class<?> loadSimpleType(String name) {
761            // special for byte[] as its common to use
762            if ("java.lang.byte[]".equals(name) || "byte[]".equals(name)) {
763                return byte[].class;
764            // and these is common as well
765            } else if ("java.lang.String".equals(name) || "String".equals(name)) {
766                return String.class;
767            } else if ("java.lang.Boolean".equals(name) || "Boolean".equals(name)) {
768                return Boolean.class;
769            } else if ("boolean".equals(name)) {
770                return boolean.class;
771            } else if ("java.lang.Integer".equals(name) || "Integer".equals(name)) {
772                return Integer.class;
773            } else if ("int".equals(name)) {
774                return int.class;
775            } else if ("java.lang.Long".equals(name) || "Long".equals(name)) {
776                return Long.class;
777            } else if ("long".equals(name)) {
778                return long.class;
779            } else if ("java.lang.Short".equals(name) || "Short".equals(name)) {
780                return Short.class;
781            } else if ("short".equals(name)) {
782                return short.class;
783            } else if ("java.lang.Byte".equals(name) || "Byte".equals(name)) {
784                return Byte.class;
785            } else if ("byte".equals(name)) {
786                return byte.class;
787            } else if ("java.lang.Float".equals(name) || "Float".equals(name)) {
788                return Float.class;
789            } else if ("float".equals(name)) {
790                return float.class;
791            } else if ("java.lang.Double".equals(name) || "Double".equals(name)) {
792                return Double.class;
793            } else if ("double".equals(name)) {
794                return double.class;
795            }
796    
797            return null;
798        }
799    
800        /**
801         * Loads the given class with the provided classloader (may be null).
802         * Will ignore any class not found and return null.
803         *
804         * @param name    the name of the class to load
805         * @param loader  a provided loader (may be null)
806         * @return the class, or null if it could not be loaded
807         */
808        private static Class<?> doLoadClass(String name, ClassLoader loader) {
809            ObjectHelper.notEmpty(name, "name");
810            if (loader == null) {
811                return null;
812            }
813    
814            try {
815                LOG.trace("Loading class: {} using classloader: {}", name, loader);
816                return loader.loadClass(name);
817            } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
818                if (LOG.isTraceEnabled()) {
819                    LOG.trace("Cannot load class: " + name + " using classloader: " + loader, e);
820                }
821            }
822    
823            return null;
824        }
825    
826        /**
827         * Attempts to load the given resource as a stream using the thread context
828         * class loader or the class loader used to load this class
829         *
830         * @param name the name of the resource to load
831         * @return the stream or null if it could not be loaded
832         */
833        public static InputStream loadResourceAsStream(String name) {
834            InputStream in = null;
835    
836            String resolvedName = resolveUriPath(name);
837            ClassLoader contextClassLoader = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
838            if (contextClassLoader != null) {
839                in = contextClassLoader.getResourceAsStream(resolvedName);
840            }
841            if (in == null) {
842                in = ObjectHelper.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(resolvedName);
843            }
844    
845            return in;
846        }
847    
848        /**
849         * Attempts to load the given resource as a stream using the thread context
850         * class loader or the class loader used to load this class
851         *
852         * @param name the name of the resource to load
853         * @return the stream or null if it could not be loaded
854         */
855        public static URL loadResourceAsURL(String name) {
856            URL url = null;
857    
858            String resolvedName = resolveUriPath(name);
859            ClassLoader contextClassLoader = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
860            if (contextClassLoader != null) {
861                url = contextClassLoader.getResource(resolvedName);
862            }
863            if (url == null) {
864                url = ObjectHelper.class.getClassLoader().getResource(resolvedName);
865            }
866    
867            return url;
868        }
869    
870        /**
871         * Attempts to load the given resources from the given package name using the thread context
872         * class loader or the class loader used to load this class
873         *
874         * @param packageName the name of the package to load its resources
875         * @return the URLs for the resources or null if it could not be loaded
876         */
877        public static Enumeration<URL> loadResourcesAsURL(String packageName) {
878            Enumeration<URL> url = null;
879    
880            ClassLoader contextClassLoader = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
881            if (contextClassLoader != null) {
882                try {
883                    url = contextClassLoader.getResources(packageName);
884                } catch (IOException e) {
885                    // ignore
886                }
887            }
888            if (url == null) {
889                try {
890                    url = ObjectHelper.class.getClassLoader().getResources(packageName);
891                } catch (IOException e) {
892                    // ignore
893                }
894            }
895    
896            return url;
897        }
898        
899        /**
900         * Helper operation used to remove relative path notation from 
901         * resources.  Most critical for resources on the Classpath
902         * as resource loaders will not resolve the relative paths correctly.
903         * 
904         * @param name the name of the resource to load
905         * @return the modified or unmodified string if there were no changes
906         */
907        private static String resolveUriPath(String name) {
908            String answer = name;
909            if (answer.indexOf("//") > -1) {
910                answer = answer.replaceAll("//", "/");
911            }
912            if (answer.indexOf("../") > -1) {
913                answer = answer.replaceAll("[A-Za-z0-9]*/\\.\\./", "");
914            }
915            if (answer.indexOf("./") > -1) {
916                answer = answer.replaceAll("\\./", "");
917            }
918            return answer;
919        }
920    
921        /**
922         * A helper method to invoke a method via reflection and wrap any exceptions
923         * as {@link RuntimeCamelException} instances
924         *
925         * @param method the method to invoke
926         * @param instance the object instance (or null for static methods)
927         * @param parameters the parameters to the method
928         * @return the result of the method invocation
929         */
930        public static Object invokeMethod(Method method, Object instance, Object... parameters) {
931            try {
932                return method.invoke(instance, parameters);
933            } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
934                throw new RuntimeCamelException(e);
935            } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
936                throw ObjectHelper.wrapRuntimeCamelException(e.getCause());
937            }
938        }
939    
940        /**
941         * Tests whether the target method overrides the source method.
942         * <p/>
943         * Tests whether they have the same name, return type, and parameter list.
944         *
945         * @param source  the source method
946         * @param target  the target method
947         * @return <tt>true</tt> if it override, <tt>false</tt> otherwise
948         */
949        public static boolean isOverridingMethod(Method source, Method target) {
950            if (source.getName().equals(target.getName())
951                    && source.getReturnType().equals(target.getReturnType()) 
952                    && source.getParameterTypes().length == target.getParameterTypes().length) {
953    
954                // test if parameter types is the same as well
955                for (int i = 0; i < source.getParameterTypes().length; i++) {
956                    if (!(source.getParameterTypes()[i].equals(target.getParameterTypes()[i]))) {
957                        return false;
958                    }
959                }
960    
961                // the have same name, return type and parameter list, so its overriding
962                return true;
963            }
964    
965            return false;
966        }
967    
968        /**
969         * Returns a list of methods which are annotated with the given annotation
970         *
971         * @param type the type to reflect on
972         * @param annotationType the annotation type
973         * @return a list of the methods found
974         */
975        public static List<Method> findMethodsWithAnnotation(Class<?> type,
976                                                             Class<? extends Annotation> annotationType) {
977            return findMethodsWithAnnotation(type, annotationType, false);
978        }
979    
980        /**
981         * Returns a list of methods which are annotated with the given annotation
982         *
983         * @param type the type to reflect on
984         * @param annotationType the annotation type
985         * @param checkMetaAnnotations check for meta annotations
986         * @return a list of the methods found
987         */
988        public static List<Method> findMethodsWithAnnotation(Class<?> type,
989                                                             Class<? extends Annotation> annotationType,
990                                                             boolean checkMetaAnnotations) {
991            List<Method> answer = new ArrayList<Method>();
992            do {
993                Method[] methods = type.getDeclaredMethods();
994                for (Method method : methods) {
995                    if (hasAnnotation(method, annotationType, checkMetaAnnotations)) {
996                        answer.add(method);
997                    }
998                }
999                type = type.getSuperclass();
1000            } while (type != null);
1001            return answer;
1002        }
1003    
1004        /**
1005         * Checks if a Class or Method are annotated with the given annotation
1006         *
1007         * @param elem the Class or Method to reflect on
1008         * @param annotationType the annotation type
1009         * @param checkMetaAnnotations check for meta annotations
1010         * @return true if annotations is present
1011         */
1012        public static boolean hasAnnotation(AnnotatedElement elem, Class<? extends Annotation> annotationType,
1013                                            boolean checkMetaAnnotations) {
1014            if (elem.isAnnotationPresent(annotationType)) {
1015                return true;
1016            }
1017            if (checkMetaAnnotations) {
1018                for (Annotation a : elem.getAnnotations()) {
1019                    for (Annotation meta : a.annotationType().getAnnotations()) {
1020                        if (meta.annotationType().getName().equals(annotationType.getName())) {
1021                            return true;
1022                        }
1023                    }
1024                }
1025            }
1026            return false;
1027        }
1028    
1029        /**
1030         * Turns the given object arrays into a meaningful string
1031         *
1032         * @param objects an array of objects or null
1033         * @return a meaningful string
1034         */
1035        public static String asString(Object[] objects) {
1036            if (objects == null) {
1037                return "null";
1038            } else {
1039                StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder("{");
1040                int counter = 0;
1041                for (Object object : objects) {
1042                    if (counter++ > 0) {
1043                        buffer.append(", ");
1044                    }
1045                    String text = (object == null) ? "null" : object.toString();
1046                    buffer.append(text);
1047                }
1048                buffer.append("}");
1049                return buffer.toString();
1050            }
1051        }
1052    
1053        /**
1054         * Returns true if a class is assignable from another class like the
1055         * {@link Class#isAssignableFrom(Class)} method but which also includes
1056         * coercion between primitive types to deal with Java 5 primitive type
1057         * wrapping
1058         */
1059        public static boolean isAssignableFrom(Class<?> a, Class<?> b) {
1060            a = convertPrimitiveTypeToWrapperType(a);
1061            b = convertPrimitiveTypeToWrapperType(b);
1062            return a.isAssignableFrom(b);
1063        }
1064    
1065        /**
1066         * Converts primitive types such as int to its wrapper type like
1067         * {@link Integer}
1068         */
1069        public static Class<?> convertPrimitiveTypeToWrapperType(Class<?> type) {
1070            Class<?> rc = type;
1071            if (type.isPrimitive()) {
1072                if (type == int.class) {
1073                    rc = Integer.class;
1074                } else if (type == long.class) {
1075                    rc = Long.class;
1076                } else if (type == double.class) {
1077                    rc = Double.class;
1078                } else if (type == float.class) {
1079                    rc = Float.class;
1080                } else if (type == short.class) {
1081                    rc = Short.class;
1082                } else if (type == byte.class) {
1083                    rc = Byte.class;
1084                } else if (type == boolean.class) {
1085                    rc = Boolean.class;
1086                }
1087            }
1088            return rc;
1089        }
1090    
1091        /**
1092         * Helper method to return the default character set name
1093         */
1094        public static String getDefaultCharacterSet() {
1095            return Charset.defaultCharset().name();
1096        }
1097    
1098        /**
1099         * Returns the Java Bean property name of the given method, if it is a
1100         * setter
1101         */
1102        public static String getPropertyName(Method method) {
1103            String propertyName = method.getName();
1104            if (propertyName.startsWith("set") && method.getParameterTypes().length == 1) {
1105                propertyName = propertyName.substring(3, 4).toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH) + propertyName.substring(4);
1106            }
1107            return propertyName;
1108        }
1109    
1110        /**
1111         * Returns true if the given collection of annotations matches the given type
1112         */
1113        public static boolean hasAnnotation(Annotation[] annotations, Class<?> type) {
1114            for (Annotation annotation : annotations) {
1115                if (type.isInstance(annotation)) {
1116                    return true;
1117                }
1118            }
1119            return false;
1120        }
1121    
1122        /**
1123         * Gets the annotation from the given instance.
1124         *
1125         * @param instance the instance
1126         * @param type  the annotation
1127         * @return the annotation, or <tt>null</tt> if the instance does not have the given annotation
1128         */
1129        public static <A extends java.lang.annotation.Annotation> A getAnnotation(Object instance, Class<A> type) {
1130            return instance.getClass().getAnnotation(type);
1131        }
1132    
1133        /**
1134         * Closes the given resource if it is available, logging any closing
1135         * exceptions to the given log
1136         *
1137         * @param closeable the object to close
1138         * @param name the name of the resource
1139         * @param log the log to use when reporting closure warnings
1140         * @deprecated will be removed in Camel 3.0. Instead use {@link org.apache.camel.util.IOHelper#close(java.io.Closeable, String, org.slf4j.Logger)} instead
1141         */
1142        @Deprecated
1143        public static void close(Closeable closeable, String name, Logger log) {
1144            IOHelper.close(closeable, name, log);
1145        }
1146    
1147    
1148        /**
1149         * Converts the given value to the required type or throw a meaningful exception
1150         */
1151        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
1152        public static <T> T cast(Class<T> toType, Object value) {
1153            if (toType == boolean.class) {
1154                return (T)cast(Boolean.class, value);
1155            } else if (toType.isPrimitive()) {
1156                Class<?> newType = convertPrimitiveTypeToWrapperType(toType);
1157                if (newType != toType) {
1158                    return (T)cast(newType, value);
1159                }
1160            }
1161            try {
1162                return toType.cast(value);
1163            } catch (ClassCastException e) {
1164                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Failed to convert: " 
1165                    + value + " to type: " + toType.getName() + " due to: " + e, e);
1166            }
1167        }
1168    
1169        /**
1170         * A helper method to create a new instance of a type using the default
1171         * constructor arguments.
1172         */
1173        public static <T> T newInstance(Class<T> type) {
1174            try {
1175                return type.newInstance();
1176            } catch (InstantiationException e) {
1177                throw new RuntimeCamelException(e);
1178            } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
1179                throw new RuntimeCamelException(e);
1180            }
1181        }
1182    
1183        /**
1184         * A helper method to create a new instance of a type using the default
1185         * constructor arguments.
1186         */
1187        public static <T> T newInstance(Class<?> actualType, Class<T> expectedType) {
1188            try {
1189                Object value = actualType.newInstance();
1190                return cast(expectedType, value);
1191            } catch (InstantiationException e) {
1192                throw new RuntimeCamelException(e);
1193            } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
1194                throw new RuntimeCamelException(e);
1195            }
1196        }
1197    
1198        /**
1199         * Does the given class have a default public no-arg constructor.
1200         */
1201        public static boolean hasDefaultPublicNoArgConstructor(Class<?> type) {
1202            // getConstructors() returns only public constructors
1203            for (Constructor<?> ctr : type.getConstructors()) {
1204                if (ctr.getParameterTypes().length == 0) {
1205                    return true;
1206                }
1207            }
1208            return false;
1209        }
1210    
1211        /**
1212         * Returns true if the given name is a valid java identifier
1213         */
1214        public static boolean isJavaIdentifier(String name) {
1215            if (name == null) {
1216                return false;
1217            }
1218            int size = name.length();
1219            if (size < 1) {
1220                return false;
1221            }
1222            if (Character.isJavaIdentifierStart(name.charAt(0))) {
1223                for (int i = 1; i < size; i++) {
1224                    if (!Character.isJavaIdentifierPart(name.charAt(i))) {
1225                        return false;
1226                    }
1227                }
1228                return true;
1229            }
1230            return false;
1231        }
1232    
1233        /**
1234         * Returns the type of the given object or null if the value is null
1235         */
1236        public static Object type(Object bean) {
1237            return bean != null ? bean.getClass() : null;
1238        }
1239    
1240        /**
1241         * Evaluate the value as a predicate which attempts to convert the value to
1242         * a boolean otherwise true is returned if the value is not null
1243         */
1244        public static boolean evaluateValuePredicate(Object value) {
1245            if (value instanceof Boolean) {
1246                return (Boolean)value;
1247            } else if (value instanceof String) {
1248                if ("true".equalsIgnoreCase((String)value)) {
1249                    return true;
1250                } else if ("false".equalsIgnoreCase((String)value)) {
1251                    return false;
1252                }
1253            } else if (value instanceof NodeList) {
1254                // is it an empty dom with empty attributes
1255                if (value instanceof Node && ((Node)value).hasAttributes()) {
1256                    return true;
1257                }
1258                NodeList list = (NodeList) value;
1259                return list.getLength() > 0;
1260            } else if (value instanceof Collection) {
1261                // is it an empty collection
1262                Collection<?> col = (Collection<?>) value;
1263                return col.size() > 0;
1264            }
1265            return value != null;
1266        }
1267    
1268        /**
1269         * Wraps the caused exception in a {@link RuntimeCamelException} if its not
1270         * already such an exception.
1271         *
1272         * @param e the caused exception
1273         * @return the wrapper exception
1274         */
1275        public static RuntimeCamelException wrapRuntimeCamelException(Throwable e) {
1276            if (e instanceof RuntimeCamelException) {
1277                // don't double wrap
1278                return (RuntimeCamelException)e;
1279            } else {
1280                return new RuntimeCamelException(e);
1281            }
1282        }
1283    
1284        /**
1285         * Wraps the caused exception in a {@link CamelExecutionException} if its not
1286         * already such an exception.
1287         *
1288         * @param e the caused exception
1289         * @return the wrapper exception
1290         */
1291        public static CamelExecutionException wrapCamelExecutionException(Exchange exchange, Throwable e) {
1292            if (e instanceof CamelExecutionException) {
1293                // don't double wrap
1294                return (CamelExecutionException)e;
1295            } else {
1296                return new CamelExecutionException("Exception occurred during execution", exchange, e);
1297            }
1298        }
1299    
1300        /**
1301         * Cleans the string to a pure Java identifier so we can use it for loading class names.
1302         * <p/>
1303         * Especially from Spring DSL people can have \n \t or other characters that otherwise
1304         * would result in ClassNotFoundException
1305         *
1306         * @param name the class name
1307         * @return normalized classname that can be load by a class loader.
1308         */
1309        public static String normalizeClassName(String name) {
1310            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(name.length());
1311            for (char ch : name.toCharArray()) {
1312                if (ch == '.' || ch == '[' || ch == ']' || ch == '-' || Character.isJavaIdentifierPart(ch)) {
1313                    sb.append(ch);
1314                }
1315            }
1316            return sb.toString();
1317        }
1318    
1319        /**
1320         * Creates an iterator to walk the exception from the bottom up
1321         * (the last caused by going upwards to the root exception).
1322         *
1323         * @param exception  the exception
1324         * @return the iterator
1325         */
1326        public static Iterator<Throwable> createExceptionIterator(Throwable exception) {
1327            return new ExceptionIterator(exception);
1328        }
1329    
1330        /**
1331         * Retrieves the given exception type from the exception.
1332         * <p/>
1333         * Is used to get the caused exception that typically have been wrapped in some sort
1334         * of Camel wrapper exception
1335         * <p/>
1336         * The strategy is to look in the exception hierarchy to find the first given cause that matches the type.
1337         * Will start from the bottom (the real cause) and walk upwards.
1338         *
1339         * @param type the exception type wanted to retrieve
1340         * @param exception the caused exception
1341         * @return the exception found (or <tt>null</tt> if not found in the exception hierarchy)
1342         */
1343        public static <T> T getException(Class<T> type, Throwable exception) {
1344            if (exception == null) {
1345                return null;
1346            }
1347    
1348            // walk the hierarchy and look for it
1349            Iterator<Throwable> it = createExceptionIterator(exception);
1350            while (it.hasNext()) {
1351                Throwable e = it.next();
1352                if (type.isInstance(e)) {
1353                    return type.cast(e);
1354                }
1355            }
1356    
1357            // not found
1358            return null;
1359        }
1360    
1361        /**
1362         * Creates a {@link Scanner} for scanning the given value.
1363         *
1364         * @param exchange  the current exchange
1365         * @param value     the value, typically the message IN body
1366         * @return the scanner, is newer <tt>null</tt>
1367         */
1368        public static Scanner getScanner(Exchange exchange, Object value) {
1369            if (value instanceof WrappedFile) {
1370                // generic file is just a wrapper for the real file so call again with the real file
1371                WrappedFile<?> gf = (WrappedFile<?>) value;
1372                return getScanner(exchange, gf.getFile());
1373            }
1374    
1375            String charset = exchange.getProperty(Exchange.CHARSET_NAME, String.class);
1376    
1377            Scanner scanner = null;
1378            if (value instanceof Readable) {
1379                scanner = new Scanner((Readable)value);
1380            } else if (value instanceof InputStream) {
1381                scanner = charset == null ? new Scanner((InputStream)value) : new Scanner((InputStream)value, charset);
1382            } else if (value instanceof File) {
1383                try {
1384                    scanner = charset == null ? new Scanner((File)value) : new Scanner((File)value, charset);
1385                } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
1386                    throw new RuntimeCamelException(e);
1387                }
1388            } else if (value instanceof String) {
1389                scanner = new Scanner((String)value);
1390            } else if (value instanceof ReadableByteChannel) {
1391                scanner = charset == null ? new Scanner((ReadableByteChannel)value) : new Scanner((ReadableByteChannel)value, charset);
1392            }
1393    
1394            if (scanner == null) {
1395                // value is not a suitable type, try to convert value to a string
1396                String text = exchange.getContext().getTypeConverter().convertTo(String.class, exchange, value);
1397                if (text != null) {
1398                    scanner = new Scanner(text);
1399                }
1400            }
1401    
1402            if (scanner == null) {
1403                scanner = new Scanner("");
1404            }
1405    
1406            return scanner;
1407        }
1408    
1409        public static String getIdentityHashCode(Object object) {
1410            return "0x" + Integer.toHexString(System.identityHashCode(object));
1411        }
1412    
1413        /**
1414         * Lookup the constant field on the given class with the given name
1415         *
1416         * @param clazz  the class
1417         * @param name   the name of the field to lookup
1418         * @return the value of the constant field, or <tt>null</tt> if not found
1419         */
1420        public static String lookupConstantFieldValue(Class<?> clazz, String name) {
1421            if (clazz == null) {
1422                return null;
1423            }
1424    
1425            for (Field field : clazz.getFields()) {
1426                if (field.getName().equals(name)) {
1427                    try {
1428                        return (String) field.get(null);
1429                    } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
1430                        // ignore
1431                        return null;
1432                    }
1433                }
1434            }
1435    
1436            return null;
1437        }
1438    
1439        /**
1440         * Is the given value a numeric NaN type
1441         * 
1442         * @param value the value
1443         * @return <tt>true</tt> if its a {@link Float#NaN} or {@link Double#NaN}.
1444         */
1445        public static boolean isNaN(Object value) {
1446            if (value == null || !(value instanceof Number)) {
1447                return false;
1448            }
1449            // value must be a number
1450            return value.equals(Float.NaN) || value.equals(Double.NaN);
1451        }
1452    
1453        private static final class ExceptionIterator implements Iterator<Throwable> {
1454            private List<Throwable> tree = new ArrayList<Throwable>();
1455            private Iterator<Throwable> it;
1456    
1457            public ExceptionIterator(Throwable exception) {
1458                Throwable current = exception;
1459                // spool to the bottom of the caused by tree
1460                while (current != null) {
1461                    tree.add(current);
1462                    current = current.getCause();
1463                }
1464    
1465                // reverse tree so we go from bottom to top
1466                Collections.reverse(tree);
1467                it = tree.iterator();
1468            }
1469    
1470            public boolean hasNext() {
1471                return it.hasNext();
1472            }
1473    
1474            public Throwable next() {
1475                return it.next();
1476            }
1477    
1478            public void remove() {
1479                it.remove();
1480            }
1481        }
1482    }