/**
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.camel.language.bean;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.camel.CamelContext;
import org.apache.camel.Exchange;
import org.apache.camel.ExchangePattern;
import org.apache.camel.Expression;
import org.apache.camel.ExpressionIllegalSyntaxException;
import org.apache.camel.Predicate;
import org.apache.camel.Processor;
import org.apache.camel.component.bean.BeanHolder;
import org.apache.camel.component.bean.BeanProcessor;
import org.apache.camel.component.bean.ConstantBeanHolder;
import org.apache.camel.component.bean.ConstantTypeBeanHolder;
import org.apache.camel.component.bean.RegistryBean;
import org.apache.camel.language.simple.SimpleLanguage;
import org.apache.camel.util.KeyValueHolder;
import org.apache.camel.util.ObjectHelper;
import org.apache.camel.util.OgnlHelper;
import org.apache.camel.util.StringHelper;

/**
 * Evaluates an expression using a bean method invocation
 */
public class BeanExpression implements Expression, Predicate {
    private final Object bean;
    private final String beanName;
    private final Class<?> type;
    private final String method;
    private volatile BeanHolder beanHolder;

    public BeanExpression(Object bean, String method) {
        this.bean = bean;
        this.method = method;
        this.beanName = null;
        this.type = null;
    }

    public BeanExpression(String beanName, String method) {
        this.beanName = beanName;
        this.method = method;
        this.bean = null;
        this.type = null;
    }

    public BeanExpression(Class<?> type, String method) {
        this.type = type;
        this.method = method;
        this.bean = null;
        this.beanName = null;
    }

    public BeanExpression(BeanHolder beanHolder, String method) {
        this.beanHolder = beanHolder;
        this.method = method;
        this.bean = null;
        this.beanName = null;
        this.type = null;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("BeanExpression[");
        if (bean != null) {
            sb.append(bean.toString());
        } else if (beanName != null) {
            sb.append(beanName);
        } else if (type != null) {
            sb.append(ObjectHelper.className(type));
        }
        if (method != null) {
            sb.append(" method:").append(method);
        }
        sb.append("]");
        return sb.toString();
    }

    public Object evaluate(Exchange exchange) {

        // if the bean holder doesn't exist then create it using the context from the exchange
        if (beanHolder == null) {
            beanHolder = createBeanHolder(exchange.getContext());
        }

        // invoking the bean can either be the easy way or using OGNL

        // validate OGNL
        if (OgnlHelper.isInvalidValidOgnlExpression(method)) {
            ExpressionIllegalSyntaxException cause = new ExpressionIllegalSyntaxException(method);
            throw new RuntimeBeanExpressionException(exchange, beanName, method, cause);
        }

        if (OgnlHelper.isValidOgnlExpression(method)) {
            // okay the method is an ognl expression
            OgnlInvokeProcessor ognl = new OgnlInvokeProcessor(beanHolder, method);
            try {
                ognl.process(exchange);
                return ognl.getResult();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                if (e instanceof RuntimeBeanExpressionException) {
                    throw (RuntimeBeanExpressionException) e;
                }
                throw new RuntimeBeanExpressionException(exchange, getBeanName(beanName, beanHolder), method, e);
            }
        } else {
            // regular non ognl invocation
            InvokeProcessor invoke = new InvokeProcessor(beanHolder, method);
            try {
                invoke.process(exchange);
                return invoke.getResult();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                if (e instanceof RuntimeBeanExpressionException) {
                    throw (RuntimeBeanExpressionException) e;
                }
                throw new RuntimeBeanExpressionException(exchange, getBeanName(beanName, beanHolder), method, e);
            }
        }
    }

    public <T> T evaluate(Exchange exchange, Class<T> type) {
        Object result = evaluate(exchange);
        if (Object.class == type) {
            // do not use type converter if type is Object (optimize)
            return (T) result;
        } else {
            return exchange.getContext().getTypeConverter().convertTo(type, exchange, result);
        }
    }

    public boolean matches(Exchange exchange) {
        Object value = evaluate(exchange);
        return ObjectHelper.evaluateValuePredicate(value);
    }

    /**
     * Optimize to create the bean holder once, so we can reuse it for further
     * evaluation, which is faster.
     */
    private synchronized BeanHolder createBeanHolder(CamelContext context) {
        // either use registry lookup or a constant bean
        BeanHolder holder;
        if (bean != null) {
            holder = new ConstantBeanHolder(bean, context);
        } else if (beanName != null) {
            holder = new RegistryBean(context, beanName);
        } else if (type != null) {
            holder = new ConstantTypeBeanHolder(type, context);
        } else {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Either bean, beanName or type should be set on " + this);
        }
        return holder;
    }

    private static String getBeanName(String beanName, BeanHolder beanHolder) {
        String name = beanName;
        if (name == null && beanHolder != null && beanHolder.getBean() != null) {
            name = beanHolder.getBean().getClass().getCanonicalName();
        }
        if (name == null && beanHolder != null && beanHolder.getBeanInfo() != null && beanHolder.getBeanInfo().getType() != null) {
            name = beanHolder.getBeanInfo().getType().getCanonicalName();
        }
        return name;
    }

    /**
     * Invokes a given bean holder. The method name is optional.
     */
    private final class InvokeProcessor implements Processor {

        private BeanHolder beanHolder;
        private String methodName;
        private Object result;

        private InvokeProcessor(BeanHolder beanHolder, String methodName) {
            this.beanHolder = beanHolder;
            this.methodName = methodName;
        }

        public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
            BeanProcessor processor = new BeanProcessor(beanHolder);
            if (methodName != null) {
                processor.setMethod(methodName);
                // enable OGNL like invocation
                processor.setShorthandMethod(true);
            }
            try {
                // copy the original exchange to avoid side effects on it
                Exchange resultExchange = exchange.copy();
                // remove any existing exception in case we do OGNL on the exception
                resultExchange.setException(null);

                // force to use InOut to retrieve the result on the OUT message
                resultExchange.setPattern(ExchangePattern.InOut);
                processor.process(resultExchange);
                result = resultExchange.getOut().getBody();

                // propagate properties and headers from result
                if (resultExchange.hasProperties()) {
                    exchange.getProperties().putAll(resultExchange.getProperties());
                }
                if (resultExchange.getOut().hasHeaders()) {
                    exchange.getIn().getHeaders().putAll(resultExchange.getOut().getHeaders());
                }

                // propagate exceptions
                if (resultExchange.getException() != null) {
                    exchange.setException(resultExchange.getException());
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw new RuntimeBeanExpressionException(exchange, beanName, methodName, e);
            }
        }

        public Object getResult() {
            return result;
        }
    }

    /**
     * To invoke a bean using a OGNL notation which denotes the chain of methods to invoke.
     * <p/>
     * For more advanced OGNL you may have to look for a real framework such as OGNL, Mvel or dynamic
     * programming language such as Groovy, JuEL, JavaScript.
     */
    private final class OgnlInvokeProcessor implements Processor {

        private final String ognl;
        private final BeanHolder beanHolder;
        private Object result;

        OgnlInvokeProcessor(BeanHolder beanHolder, String ognl) {
            this.beanHolder = beanHolder;
            this.ognl = ognl;
            // we must start with having bean as the result
            this.result = beanHolder.getBean();
        }

        public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
            // copy the original exchange to avoid side effects on it
            Exchange resultExchange = exchange.copy();
            // remove any existing exception in case we do OGNL on the exception
            resultExchange.setException(null);
            // force to use InOut to retrieve the result on the OUT message
            resultExchange.setPattern(ExchangePattern.InOut);
            // do not propagate any method name when using OGNL, as with OGNL we
            // compute and provide the method name to explicit to invoke
            resultExchange.getIn().removeHeader(Exchange.BEAN_METHOD_NAME);

            // current ognl path as we go along
            String ognlPath = "";

            // loop and invoke each method
            Object beanToCall = beanHolder.getBean();
            Class<?> beanType = beanHolder.getBeanInfo().getType();

            // there must be a bean to call with, we currently does not support OGNL expressions on using purely static methods
            if (beanToCall == null && beanType == null) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Bean instance and bean type is null. OGNL bean expressions requires to have either a bean instance of the class name of the bean to use.");
            }

            if (ognl != null) {
                // must be a valid method name according to java identifier ruling
                OgnlHelper.validateMethodName(ognl);
            }

            // Split ognl except when this is not a Map, Array
            // and we would like to keep the dots within the key name
            List<String> methods = OgnlHelper.splitOgnl(ognl);

            for (String methodName : methods) {
                BeanHolder holder;
                if (beanToCall != null) {
                    holder = new ConstantBeanHolder(beanToCall, exchange.getContext());
                } else if (beanType != null) {
                    holder = new ConstantTypeBeanHolder(beanType, exchange.getContext());
                } else {
                    holder = null;
                }

                // support the null safe operator
                boolean nullSafe = OgnlHelper.isNullSafeOperator(methodName);

                if (holder == null) {
                    String name = getBeanName(null, beanHolder);
                    throw new RuntimeBeanExpressionException(exchange, name, ognl, "last method returned null and therefore cannot continue to invoke method " + methodName + " on a null instance");
                }

                // keep up with how far are we doing
                ognlPath += methodName;

                // get rid of leading ?. or . as we only needed that to determine if null safe was enabled or not
                methodName = OgnlHelper.removeLeadingOperators(methodName);

                // are we doing an index lookup (eg in Map/List/array etc)?
                String key = null;
                KeyValueHolder<String, String> index = OgnlHelper.isOgnlIndex(methodName);
                if (index != null) {
                    methodName = index.getKey();
                    key = index.getValue();
                }

                // only invoke if we have a method name to use to invoke
                if (methodName != null) {
                    InvokeProcessor invoke = new InvokeProcessor(holder, methodName);
                    invoke.process(resultExchange);

                    // check for exception and rethrow if we failed
                    if (resultExchange.getException() != null) {
                        throw new RuntimeBeanExpressionException(exchange, beanName, methodName, resultExchange.getException());
                    }

                    result = invoke.getResult();
                }

                // if there was a key then we need to lookup using the key
                if (key != null) {
                    // if key is a nested simple expression then re-evaluate that again
                    if (SimpleLanguage.hasSimpleFunction(key)) {
                        key = SimpleLanguage.expression(key).evaluate(exchange, String.class);
                    }
                    if (key != null) {
                        result = lookupResult(resultExchange, key, result, nullSafe, ognlPath, holder.getBean());
                    }
                }

                // check null safe for null results
                if (result == null && nullSafe) {
                    return;
                }

                // prepare for next bean to invoke
                beanToCall = result;
                beanType = null;
            }
        }

        private Object lookupResult(Exchange exchange, String key, Object result, boolean nullSafe, String ognlPath, Object bean) {
            ObjectHelper.notEmpty(key, "key", "in Simple language ognl path: " + ognlPath);

            // trim key
            key = key.trim();

            // remove any enclosing quotes
            key = StringHelper.removeLeadingAndEndingQuotes(key);

            // try map first
            Map<?, ?> map = exchange.getContext().getTypeConverter().convertTo(Map.class, result);
            if (map != null) {
                return map.get(key);
            }

            // special for list is last keyword
            Integer num = exchange.getContext().getTypeConverter().tryConvertTo(Integer.class, key);
            boolean checkList = key.startsWith("last") || num != null;

            if (checkList) {
                List<?> list = exchange.getContext().getTypeConverter().convertTo(List.class, result);
                if (list != null) {
                    if (key.startsWith("last")) {
                        num = list.size() - 1;

                        // maybe its an expression to subtract a number after last
                        String after = ObjectHelper.after(key, "-");
                        if (after != null) {
                            Integer redux = exchange.getContext().getTypeConverter().tryConvertTo(Integer.class, after.trim());
                            if (redux != null) {
                                num -= redux;
                            } else {
                                throw new ExpressionIllegalSyntaxException(key);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    if (num != null && num >= 0 && list.size() > num - 1 && list.size() > 0) {
                        return list.get(num);
                    }
                    if (!nullSafe) {
                        // not null safe then its mandatory so thrown out of bounds exception
                        throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Index: " + num + ", Size: " + list.size()
                                + " out of bounds with List from bean: " + bean + "using OGNL path [" + ognlPath + "]");
                    }
                }
            }

            if (!nullSafe) {
                throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Key: " + key + " not found in bean: " + bean + " of type: "
                        + ObjectHelper.classCanonicalName(bean) + " using OGNL path [" + ognlPath + "]");
            } else {
                // null safe so we can return null
                return null;
            }
        }

        public Object getResult() {
            return result;
        }
    }

}